From 59d3f16cada535830e78135b4a5b24795459741d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ami-chuu <amichuu73@proton.me>
Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2026 00:20:33 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=D0=97=D0=B0=D0=B3=D1=80=D1=83=D0=B7=D0=B8?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=D1=82=D1=8C=20=D1=84=D0=B0=D0=B9=D0=BB=D1=8B=20=D0=B2=20=C2=AB?=
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---
 src/main.rs       |  24 ++++++++
 src/vga_buffer.rs | 144 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 168 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main.rs
 create mode 100644 src/vga_buffer.rs

diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1d6211
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#![no_std] // don't link the Rust standart library
+#![no_main] // disable all Rust-level entry points
+
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+mod vga_buffer;
+
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)] // don't mangle the name of this function
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    // this function is the entry point, since the linker looks for a function
+    // named `_start` by default
+    println!("Welcome to Amix{}", "!");
+    panic!("ERROR!!!");
+
+    loop {}
+}
+
+// This function is called on panic.
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    println!("{}", info);
+
+    loop {}
+}
diff --git a/src/vga_buffer.rs b/src/vga_buffer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2fee68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vga_buffer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+use core::fmt;
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use spin::Mutex;
+use volatile::Volatile;
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[repr(u8)]
+pub enum Color {
+    Black = 0,
+    Blue = 1,
+    Green = 2,
+    Cyan = 3,
+    Red = 4,
+    Magenta = 5,
+    Brown = 6,
+    LightGray = 7,
+    DarkGray = 8,
+    LightBlue = 9,
+    LightGreen = 10,
+    LightCyan = 11,
+    LightRed = 12,
+    Pink = 13,
+    Yellow = 14,
+    White = 15,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[repr(transparent)]
+struct ColorCode(u8);
+
+impl ColorCode {
+    fn new(foreground: Color, background: Color) -> ColorCode {
+        ColorCode((background as u8) << 4 | (foreground as u8))
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[repr(C)]
+struct ScreenChar {
+    ascii_character: u8,
+    color_code: ColorCode,
+}
+
+const BUFFER_HEIGHT: usize = 25;
+const BUFFER_WIDTH: usize = 80;
+
+#[repr(transparent)]
+struct Buffer {
+    chars: [[Volatile<ScreenChar>; BUFFER_WIDTH]; BUFFER_HEIGHT],
+}
+
+pub struct Writer {
+    column_position: usize,
+    color_code: ColorCode,
+    buffer: &'static mut Buffer,
+}
+
+impl Writer {
+    pub fn write_byte(&mut self, byte: u8) {
+        match byte {
+            b'\n' => self.new_line(),
+            byte => {
+                if self.column_position >= BUFFER_WIDTH {
+                    self.new_line();
+                }
+
+                let row = BUFFER_HEIGHT - 1;
+                let col = self.column_position;
+
+                let color_code = self.color_code;
+                self.buffer.chars[row][col].write(ScreenChar {
+                    ascii_character: byte,
+                    color_code: self.color_code,
+                });
+                self.column_position += 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn new_line(&mut self) {
+        for row in 1..BUFFER_HEIGHT {
+            for col in 0..BUFFER_WIDTH {
+                let character = self.buffer.chars[row][col].read();
+                self.buffer.chars[row - 1][col].write(character);
+            }
+        }
+        self.clear_row(BUFFER_HEIGHT - 1);
+        self.column_position = 0;
+    }
+
+    fn clear_row(&mut self, row: usize) {
+        let blank = ScreenChar {
+            ascii_character: b' ',
+            color_code: self.color_code,
+        };
+        for col in 0..BUFFER_WIDTH {
+            self.buffer.chars[row][col].write(blank);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn write_string(&mut self, s: &str) {
+        for byte in s.bytes() {
+            match byte {
+                // printable ASCII byte or newline
+                0x20..=0x7e | b'\n' => self.write_byte(byte),
+                // not part of printable ASCII range
+                _ => self.write_byte(0xfe),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Write for Writer {
+    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {
+        self.write_string(s);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+lazy_static! {
+    pub static ref WRITER: Mutex<Writer> = Mutex::new(Writer {
+        column_position: 0,
+        color_code: ColorCode::new(Color::Yellow, Color::Black),
+        buffer: unsafe { &mut *(0xb8000 as *mut Buffer) },
+    });
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! print {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::vga_buffer::_print(format_args!($($arg)*)));
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! println {
+    () => ($crate::print!("\n"));
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::print!("{}\n", format_args!($($arg)*)));
+}
+
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub fn _print(args: fmt::Arguments) {
+    use core::fmt::Write;
+    WRITER.lock().write_fmt(args).unwrap();
+}